Chronology of the evolution of the canonical situation for the Archdiocese of the Russian Orthodox Churches in Western Europe

Nicolas Ross established this chronology for a presentation given at the Paris Saint-Serge Institute on February 1, 2004. It has been slightly modified and updated. Until 1917 In the 19th century, Russian Churches in Western Europe were depending on three bodies: the Metropolitan of St. Petersburg (ecclesiastical subordination), the Holy Synod (appointments, control), and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (appointments, control, payment of the clergy). 1907-1911: these Churches came under